Robert f



R. F. SMALLWOOD Apr; 17, 1923.

CUTTING TOOL Filed May 1, 1920 (PM W awe/Wm 351 whom w 4 Lil Patented Apr. 17, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT F. SMALLWOOD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CUTTING TOOL.

Application filed May 1,

To all whom/411i may concern.

Be it known that I, ROBERT F. SMALL- woon, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, county or New York. and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Cutting Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to cutting tools and more particularly to a hand tool for cutting and markim fabrics, paper, card-board and materials of like nature.

An object of this invention is to provide a cut-ting tool of durable and rugged construction and adapted for convenient manipulation when in use.

Another object is to provide a hand ting tool of simple and effective action having great facility of adjustment.

This invention aims also to provide a cutting tool in which the depth as well the angle of the cut may be readily 21Cl]USt(l and in which the cutting blade may be readily guided throughout its path. 7 Another object of this invention is to provide a cutting tool of the above character in which the length of the cut is automatically measured and to provide means for antomatically marking upon the material operated upon a path substantially duplicate of the path of the cutting blade.

Other objects will be in part obvious or in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combination of elements and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the structure hereinafter described and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings which show one of various possible embodiments of the mechanical features of my invention,

Figure 1 is a plan View,

Figure 2 is a side elevation, and

Figure 3 is an end view of a cutting tool embodying the features of my invention,

Figure 4 is a detail side View of a centering device, and

Figure is a similar view of guiding and marking devices particularly adapted for use in carrying out certain features of my invention.

Referring to the drawings it will be noted I provide two clamping members 10 and 11., preferably of steel or a like material having a considerable degree of resiliency,

c utnd 1920. Serial No. 378,063.

adapted to have interposed between their forward ends a cutting blade 12, which may take the form of safety razor blades if desired. The blade 12 is rigidly clamped between the members 10 and 11 as by means of a clamping screw 13 and thumb nut 14. The clamping screw 13 extends through the slotted portions 15 in the ends of the holding members 10 and 11, the slots being countersunk throughout their extent so as to receive the head of the screw 13.

At their rear ends, the clamping members 10 and 11 are spread outwardly to provide a longitudinally extending intervening space in which is pivotally mounted a depth gauging member 16 by means of the clamping screw 17 and thumb nut 18 extending through registering openings in the members 10 and 11 and in the handle 19, at the forward end of which is suitably secured a pin 20 extending inwardly and adapted to enter registering openings 21 in the members 10 and 11. The handle 19 is thus given at least two points of support by which it may be securely fastened to and aligned with the clamping members 10 and 11. The clamping screw and thumb nut 18 serve to hold the several parts securely together and function also to maintain the depth gaugingmember 16 in its proper position after it has been once adjusted. The registering openings in the members 10 and 11 through which the clamping screw 17 extends are preferably countersunk so as to receive the head of the screw 17; and the handle 19, composed of any suitable material, is preferably cut away at its forward portions substantially to receive the clamping members 10 and 11.

The forward ends of the blade clamping members 10 and 11 are preferably formed as illustrated in Figure 2 and are cut away at a slight angle at their lower portions so as to permit a substantial and adjustable exposure of the cutting blade 12 and to provide substantially a pivot point 28 in the members l0 and 11 to contact with the plane of the material. Suitably graduated scales, diagrammatically indicated at 22, are provided upon the gauging member 16, the graduations on the scale being such that, for a given longitudinal adjustment of the blade 12 within the members 10 and 11, the depth of the cut made by the blade may be read directly, using the lower edge of the aligned members 10 and 11 as the reference line for the graduated scales. Or vice versa, the gauging member 16 is so adjusted by means of the graduations of the scale with respect to the reference line that the desired depth of cut by the blade 12 may be directly determined by the proper setting of the gauging member 16. The latter, when once set. is securely clamped in position by means of the screw 17 and nut 1.8. v

yThe blade 12 is preferably positioned. and clamped between the memliicrs l and 11 in such manner that its end substantially coincides with the coinciding endsoit the members and 11, as is illustrated in 'l igure In case blades of the general. nature as are employed in safety razors are mounted between the men'ibers 10 and [1. it is convenient to break off an end section of" thoblade as the cutting edge corresponding to that section wears off, thus to-present a new cutting edge; The shortening of the over-all. length of the blade may be compensated for by moving the clamping screw 13 within the slots to follow up the rear end of the blade in order to insure its being securely clamped within the holding members 1'0 and 11. U

In order to adjust the angle at which the cutis made in the material, I have provided an angle adjusting member 23 (referring more particularly to Figures 2 and 3) into the upper end of which is threaded a screw 24 adapted to receive aclamping member and a thumb nut 26, the clamping member 25 being recessed to receive the members 10 and 11 so as totorm with the angle gauging member 23 a bridge which may be mounted uponthe forward ends 015 the members 10 and; 11. and securely clamped thereto. The gauging member is provided at its lower end with an edge 27 in the form. of an irregular curve and, as is shown. in. Figure 3, extends away from the lowerbearing edge of the members 10 and 11.. The member 23 is adjustable about the axis ofthe. screw as and may be swung about-this axis and secured in any desired position'so that the point in the curved edge 27 contacting with the plane oili tl'iematw rial operated upon may be varied at will. The blade 12 and its associated clamping members 10 and 11 are thus made to incline at various angles with the vertical and as viewed in Figure 3 the member 23 is so adjusted that the blade 12 will make a. cut normal to the surface of the material operated upon. As the member 23 is swung in a clockwise direction (as viewed in Figure 2) the point. in the curved edge 2 which contacts with the plane of the material is progressively raised, thus causing an angular inclination of the blade 12 to an extent varying with the degree through which the gauging member 23 is swung.

If both the depth gaugingmember 16 and the angle gauging member 23 are used conjointly the points of contact of the gauging member 16 and of the member 23 with the material operated upon, together with the pivot point 28 of the members 10 and 11,

will coincide substantially with the plane of the material and form the three points of support for determining simultaneously the depth and the angle of the cut made by the blade 12. It will be noted that adjustment olthe depth gauging member 16 determines substantially the inclination of the blade. 12 in one plane and hence determines the depth of the cut and that ad ustmentof the member 23 determines the inclination of the blade in a plane substantially at right angles to the first mentioned plane and thus determines the angle at which the cut is made.

Mounted upon the screw 24c and adapted to be secured thereupon by means ot a nut 29 is a lever 30, at the lowerend of which is mounted a chuck comprising the two jaws 31 and 32 adapted to receive a suitable counting mechanism 33 and a third jaw 3 provided with a manually operated screw 35 adapted to be screwed down upon the counting mechanism 33 to secure the counting mechanism' within the chuck. The counting mechanism 33 is provided with a suitable dial and: indicating hand 36 oper ated by a counting wheel 37 extending in close proximity to the blade 12. The counting mechanism may be of any suitable construction in which the registration indicated is a linear function of the number of revolutions made by the counting wheel 37. The lever 30 is extended rearwardly to form a handle portion 38 and has mounted upon it as by the pin 39 a spring 40 contacting with a second pin 41 on the lever 30 and formed at its end into two transversely and oppositely extending portions 42 adapted to contact with the upper edges of the clamping members 10 and 11. The spring memher 40 normally tends to force the counting mechanism 33 and its associated wheel 37 in a downward direction to maintain an effective operating contact otthe wheel 37 with'the material operated upon. When it is desired to prevent the registration or measurement of the length of the cut of the blade 12 the handle portion 33 of the lever 30 is depressed by a finger of the hand. so as to raise the'counting wheel 37 out of contact with the material operated upon. It will be noted that the counting wheel is mounted in closeproximity to the cutting blade 12 so that it correctly tallies or measures the distances covered by the cutting tool itself. It will also be noted that the spring mounting of the counting mechanism permits its proper functioning at all times when desired. and any inclination that is given the blade 12.

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The screw 24- has its threaded ends extended and is adapted to receive the threaded end of a radius rod 43 suitably hinged at ii to permit at the inclination of the cutting tool. The rod il has slidably mounted upon it a guiding member (see Figure 5) adjustable to any posit-ion along its length as by the thumb set screw do and formed its base with an inwardly extending lip 4-7 which, together with the member a5, is of suliicient linear extent as to provide a substantial support and guide for the parts ass ciated with the radius rod it when drawn along the edge ot a table, for example, as illustrated at 4:8. lvlounted. upon the radius rod 43 by means of a collar ll) and adjustable along the length of the radius rod 43 is a suitable markingdevice 230 such as a pencil or crayon, For example. The marking device may be adjusted at varying distances from the cutting tool so as to mark the material operated upon in a path duplicate of or proportional to that to which the cutting lade is restricted or guided.

In place of the guiding member of Figure 5, particularly adapted for cutting in a straight line, a centering device 51, pivotally secured to an adjustable collar 52 on the radius rod d3, may be provided to form the fixed center or pivot about which the cutting blade 12 may then be guided in a substantially circular path. The centering member 51 is provided with points 52 adapted to securely maintain in position the pivotally mounted centering device 51.

It will be noted that in this invention there has been provided a cutting tool in which the several objects mentioned as well as others are achieved and in which many advantages are attained. It will be noted that the several parts are readily detachable and adjustable and that as many features of this invention may be employed simultaneously as is desired. it will also be noted that the several parts are made readily reversible with respect to one another and that they may be assembled to form a right hand cutting tool or to form a left hand cutting tool. In the accompanying drawings the several parts are illustrated as as sembled to form a left hand tool.

The angle adjusting member 23 is prefer ably provided with graduations as inclicated at 53 for cooperating with an arbitrary zero line on the clamping member 25 to indicate the particular adjustment of the member 23 and to facilitate in restoring any particular adjustment thereof previously employed and desired to be duplicated. The scales or graduated indications may be arbitrary or may be numbered to read directly the angular inclination given the cutting blade by the member 28.

ll it is desired to temporarily discontinue the operation of the counting mechanism 33, the nut 29 may be screwed up on the screw 2st to retain the lever ill) in such posi tion as to hold the counting wheel out of operative contact with the material operated upon by the blade.

As many possible embodiments may be made of the mechanical features of my invention and as various changes might be made in the art above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter herein set iiorth or shown in the accompanying drawings to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

1. In a device of the character describecl. in combination, a cutting blade, a holder for said blade provided with a bearing point about which said holder and. blade may be pivoted, and adjustable means "forming a second bearing point for supporting said holder and for determining the extent to which said cutting is to e itend below tic plane of said two bearing points.

2. In a device of the character described. in combination, a cutting blade, a holder for said blade provided with a bearing point and a pivot point, said blade extending subi stantially beyond said pivot point, and adjustable means for varying the position oi said bearing point" with respect to said cut ting blade thereby to determine the projection of said blade below the plane of said two bearing points.

3. In a device oi. the character described, in combination, a cutting blade, a holder for said blade, means forming a support for said holder for determining the depth to which said cutting blade shall. cut, and counting mechanism mounted in proximity to said cutting blade for measuring the length of travel. thereof. 7

i. In a device of the character described, in combination, a cutting blade, a holder for said blade, means forming a support for said holder for determining the depth to which said cutting blade shall cut, counting mechanism mounted in proximity to said cutting blade for measuring the length of travel thereof, and means for making said counting mechanism inoperative.

5. In a device of the character described. in combination, a cutting blade, a holder provided with means for detachably mounting said blade therein, adjustable means forminga support for said. holder for determining the depth to which said blade shall cut, a counting mechanism mounted in proximity to said cutting blade, spring n'ieai'is for maintaining said mechanism in operative relation, and manual means for taking said mechanism out of operative relation.

(3. in a device of the character described,

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tion of said cutting blade in one vertical plane, and means for varying the inclination of said cutting blade in another verticalplane substantially at right angles to said first mentioned plane.

a 7. In a device of the character described, in combination, a cutting blade, a holderfor said blade said holder being provided with a pivot point in proximity to said blade, means mounted substantially in the rear of said pivot point and forming a bearingpoint for said holder for determining the projection of said blade beyond the horizontal plane through said two points, and

adjustable means mounted on said holder substantially laterally of said pivot point and forming another bearing point for said holder for determining the angular inclination of the plane of said blade.

8; In a device of the character described, in combination, a cutting blade, a holder for said'blade, means for determining the depth to which said blade shall cut, means for de tern'iining the angle at which said blade of travel of said blade and mounted in proximity thereto, and a spring mounting for maintainin said mechanism inoperative relation.

10. In a device of the characterdescribed. in combination, a cutting blade, a holder for said blade, means for determining the depth to which said blade shall cut, means for determining the angle at Which said blade shall. cut, a mechanism for registering the length of in proximity thereto, a spring mounting for maintaining said mechanism in operative relation and manual means for takin said 7 b mechanism out of operative relation.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification this 29th day of April, 1920. I

ROBERT F. SMALLVVOODL travel of said blade and mounted; 

